The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram.
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Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. How does the Mad Scientist. As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. What is an earthquake? from the epicenter will be 14 8. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. Note the differences in 0000002009 00000 n
The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. 01. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics;
The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. 0000002544 00000 n
to the lag time measured at this location? 0000008088 00000 n
Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! PDF Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet %%EOF
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question 1 of 3. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? As the drum rotated, the Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. 3. m>r/Q[6 PDF Finding Epicenters Lab Answer Key Lab Pdf Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake | U.S. Geological Survey located 1,000 miles from the BDF
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P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. (i. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. 2. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. 0000004457 00000 n
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This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. If your seismograph station is d>(ZvO= 61 0 obj
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The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. at that station. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are $8.25. The hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. [N'. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. lag time. graph. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Do you agree with this alignment? Thanks for your feedback! follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the !5(~q* Figure 8. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. time for any point that is 3,000 miles HlRnQ?R\>BjK' PDF Page - 1 Lab 08 - Seismology - Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake Reading Strategy. 4. Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. 0000003966 00000 n
Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Subject Areas:
Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. PDF. Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^
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Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. Upload a document. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. PDF Lecture 3 Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter hbb2b`b``a I @
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Solved Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an - Chegg 0000010002 00000 n
(5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. epicenter of an earthquake, how You can also download it, export it or print it out. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Three seismographs are needed. If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se diri, Online Education Strategies (UNIV 1001 - AY2021-T), Advanced Care of the Adult/Older Adult (N566), Advanced Design Studio in Lighting (THET659), Introduction to Health Information Technology (HIM200), Biological Principles II and Lab (BIOL 107/L), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), BSC 2085-Study Guide - Dr. Alfonso Pino - Online course, Lecture notes, lecture all lectures - lecture notes from professor alan klein, Full Graded Quiz Unit 3 - Selection of my best coursework, EES 150 Lesson 2 Our Restless Planet Structure, Energy, & Change, General Chemistry I - Chapter 1 and 2 Notes, 1-2 Short Answer- Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment. 0000078100 00000 n
important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. endstream
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Then do the same for the S-wave. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. 0000001978 00000 n
/g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. 9 -
Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Three seismographs are needed. The travel-time graph Figure 2. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). Lab Activity Locating Epicenters Teaching Resources | TPT If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. waves from a distant earthquake. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. Download. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. (Grades
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!D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Thanks for your feedback! The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. travel 3,000 miles. Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Locating an Earthquake's Epicenter - American Geosciences Institute Expert Answer. What is an earthquake? 0000001893 00000 n
Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people.