The two main types of elevators are hydraulic and traction. [emailprotected] 1993 NEC 15-20 Amp 120 volt Receptacle Requirements: Wet bar sinks, all bathrooms, roof tops, elevator machines rooms, elevator car tops, elevator pits. %PDF-1.5
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EazyLift Elevators, Stairlifts, Wheelchair Lifts & Ramps. These conductors may be covered with suitable shielding for telephone, audio, video or higher-frequency communications circuits. These selective coordination tables for current-limiting fuses show the minimum amp ratio required between a pair of fuses of a given type(s) to achieve selective coordination. Motors for traction elevators were traditionally DC or synchronous, but new installations use AC motors and VFDs for speed control. Additional requirements concern escape routes. Mainline disconnect: DO NOT OPEN THE MAINLINE DISCONNECT SWITCH COVER unless employees are authorized, properly trained and appropriate measures are taken commensurate with the higher risk of arc-flash hazards. Acceptable types of wire for this application are given in Table 400.4, which occurs in an earlier chapter and lists various types of elevator cable for lighting and control in both unclassified and hazardous locations. Section 620.43, Location of and Protection for Cables, provides that traveling cable supports are to be located so as to reduce the possibility of damage due to the cables coming in contact with the hoistway construction or equipment in the hoistway to a minimum. This may include wiring for signals, communication with the car, lighting, heating, air-conditioning and ventilation of the car or hoistway for fire-detecting systems and pit sump pumps. It is also worth mentioning that the stated purpose of the NEC is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. All of these options and special wiring can be challenging depending upon the location of the shunt trip circuit breaker as well as who has responsibility for providing these additional options. He has focused on writing since 2006, having written for such magazines as ELEVATOR WORLD, Electrical Construction and Maintenance, Cabling Business, Electrical Business, Nuts and Volts, PV Magazine, Electrical Connection, Solar Connection, Solar Industry Magazine, Fine Homebuilding Magazine and Engineering News. Hydraulic elevator pit | Electrician Talk [emailprotected] Such cable groups are to be supported at intervals not over 3 ft. and located so as to be protected from physical damage. If the equipment must remain energized to perform work, effective insulation and safe electrical working practices should be observed. GFCIs in Elevator Pits, Receptacles and More PK ! He also required GFCI protection for the hard-wired sump pump that did not require it. Traction elevators are typically installed in a bank of elevators where fused switches, or circuit breakers in a panelboard are located in the machine room serving the bank of elevators. (Hard-service and junior hard-service are trade names that apply to over 30 types of flexible cord, all beginning with the letter S. They have varying properties, such as oil resistance, and various material compositions for insulation, such as a thermoplastic elastomer. Use Underwriters Laboratories or Canadian Standards Association-labeled scopes tested for 1,000 V. Lockout/tagout: When troubleshooting is complete and further work can be accomplished without the equipment being energized, follow the lockout/tagout procedures in Section 7 of the. It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. With these new NEC requirements, there is now the potential that an elevator controller SCCR may be required thats higher than what elevator manufacturers have historically furnished. Dan Neeser is a Senior Field Application Engineer with Eatons Bussmann Division. Hazards created by water, snow or condensation in the work area can cause slips, falls and accidental contact. Selective coordination is also required for multiple elevators per NEC 620.62. wide or the width of the equipment, whichever is greater. Through numerous editions, the NEC has, to a great extent, mitigated the hazards accompanying widespread use of electricity, particularly with respect to elevator technology. Hydraulic reservoir characteristic of a hydraulic-piston-operated elevator. To achieve flexibility and endurance, traveling cable is more finely stranded and, where possible, separated into discrete conductors. 6 Stop Switch in Pits There shall be installed in the pit of each elevator an ASME A17.1 CODE enclosed stop switch or switches meeting the requirements The following material is reprinted with permission from the American of 2.26.2.7 and 2.2.6.1 through 2.2.6.3. Many new buildings are incorporating an elevator design that does not include an equipment room (sometimes called machine room-less elevators). Firefighters can then use portable telephone handsets in combination with the jacks and cabling. For platform lifts and stairway chairlifts, the duty is intermittent. The demand factor ranges from 1.00 for one elevator on a single feeder to 0.72 for 10 or more elevators on a single feeder. endstream
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The traveling cable or raceway is also permitted to include shielded conductors and/or one or more coaxial cables. The electrical energy does not traverse the human body, but proximity to the explosion means severe injury is possible from the intense heat and concussive shockwave. If a hydraulic elevator loses power because a heat detector goes off or for any other reason it could trap occupants for an unpleasant amount of time. It is of great importance for the design engineer to communicate with their local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) to determine fire alarm requirements for the respective elevator installation. If the smoke detector at the designated landing goes into alarm, the elevator will stop at a predetermined alternate floor, which is usually the floor above the designated floor. Motor feeder short circuit and ground-fault protection must be as required in Article 430, Part V for all motors. This clear working space must be 30 in. Because they need to move and flex, traveling cables are not required to be in a raceway. Many undertake trips in these devices two or more times daily in full confidence that they will survive an uneventful experience with a minute chance of disaster or even inconvenience. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. NEC 2011 also addresses branch circuits for machine room or control room/machinery space or control-space lighting and receptacles. Upon loss of power, the rescuvator controls the cab, lowers it to the designated floor, and opens its doors. After such an event, it is important that the affected worker is able to escape the area and get to help. Overload protection for motors is to conform with Article 430, Part III, the general code area that covers motor and branch-circuit overload protection for all motors. from the exposed components, and the incident energy calculated at 18 in. He is saying that each pit requires a separate circuit, in other words "dedicated". Heating and air-conditioning equipment located on the car must not be in excess of 600 V. All live parts of electrical apparatuses are to be enclosed to protect workers and the public against accidental contact. Always verify all conditions and requirements with the state and the AHJ where the installation is taking place. In elevators provided with Firefighters' Emergency Operation, a drain or sump pump shall be provided. This strategy works to improve the flexibility of the traveling cable, but it is contrary to a general NEC rule concerning the paralleling of conductors, which is generally done in very large sizes to avoid unwieldy wire pulls and terminations. A section on branch circuits for car lighting, receptacles, ventilation, heating and air-conditioning contains a number of important provisions. Luminaires must be lensed or equipped with wire guards to protect the lamps. If a smoke detector goes into alarm, it signals the elevator to go into Fire Recall Function, at which point the controller directs the elevator cab to travel to its pre-programmed designated landing, open its doors, and remain stopped there until the alarm clears. . In many cases, the overcurrent protective devices that are suitable for this level of protection are current-limiting fuses rather than a traditional circuit breaker. The feeder OCPD needs to remain closed so the remaining elevators have power and continue to function. Moreover, because motors have a higher starting current than other loads, the overcurrent protection protocol is unique to them and somewhat counterintuitive. (All intentionally grounded elements must be held at equal potential.) Doors must open in the direction of travel and be equipped with panic bars, pressure plates or other devices that are normally latched but open under simple pressure. Receptacle for pumps located in the pit shall be a single non-GFCI and shall be located 6 inches above the lowest landing. This is not the elevator companys responsibility. Thus, the traveling cable must be supported by a steel supporting member. Machine room/control space lighting and receptacles 4. The sum of the cross-sectional area of the individual conductors in raceways is not to exceed 40% of the interior cross-sectional area of the raceway, except as permitted for wireways. And as the designer, you can become the fulcrum on which all of these requirements and authorities exert their leverage, but an understanding of elevator basics can help you handle the pressure. Shi Liguang, Yao Lianghong, Luo Zhiqun and Wan Jianru, Constructional Stretch and Hoist-Rope Tension . Hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. It is worth noting that these NEC terms, used throughout Article 620, have been chosen to correlate with A17.1-2007 usage. NEC Article 0: Elevator art by David Herres Continued. If your specifications require a vent at the top of the shaft for venting smoke, you must provide a key switch with a pilot light to control that vent. Reinforcing NEC 110.3(B) and NEC 110.10 to require the elevator controller marked SCCR to be equal to or greater than the calculated and In addition, requirements for selective coordination and shunt tripping should be complied with as needed for the installation. If the entire feeder/branch circuit assembly were to be protected in the conventional manner, the motor would cut out long before reaching operating speed. +1-251-479-4514 | [emailprotected], Trkiye Office Such design innovations require sophisticated wiring strategies. Otherwise, specify that the elevator supplier provide a battery back-up unit to power the lights in the event of an outage. Flexible cords and cables part of listed equipment operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less, similarly supported and protected, jacketed and flame retardant, are permitted. 2m9 `K]f*F gaR
The basic rule for conductor fill of a metal wireway, as given in Article 376, is that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors at a cross section of a wireway is not to exceed 20% of the interior cross-sectional area of the wireway. It is important, where mandated, that there be no more than a single disconnecting means, so if emergency action is required, first responders will not be able to power down the equipment from one location. First, it is now clear that elevator controllers must be marked by the manufacturer with their SCCR. Based on the analysis, the arc-flash boundaries at the elevator/escalator controllers ranged from 3-16 in. Required lighting shall not be connected to the load side of a ground-fault circuit interrupter. And so the needs can be very different. A separate 120VAC, 15A circuit is required for cab lighting and accessories, and it must have its own local disconnect and OCPD in the equipment room as well. GET YOUR CEUS TODAY, 1998-2021. Additionally, duty on elevator and dumbwaiter motors is rated as intermittent, whereas duty on escalator and moving-walk motors is considered continuous. Apr 24, 2013. correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe it's damp. Here again, the lighting is not to be connected to a GFCI, whereas such protection is required for the receptacle(s). It is important for design engineers to communicate this with the architect and owner during the design phase, as it will impact space needs elsewhere in the facility to accommodate electrical equipment. This device must be either a fused disconnect or a circuit breaker because ANSI/ASME A17.1 requires you to install an additional overcurrent protection device (OCPD) in the elevator equipment room. IAEI News Magazine. (f) Illumination of Pits. Conductors supplying a single motor controller are to have an ampacity not less than the motor controller nameplate current rating plus all other connected loads. As we have seen, a limited number of these are approved for elevator locations car, hoistway, pit and machine room. The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. Elevator cab lights require emergency back-up power. The lighting is not to be connected to a GFCI, because the elevator car is not a place that should experience nuisance tripping. Mobile, AL 36606 USA When the elevator car is at the top landing, it is the length of cable as measured from the point of suspension on the car to the bottom of the loop. Be sure to provide a horn/strobe alarm in large equipment rooms because they can be noisy, isolated places. 3. Section 620.62, Selective Coordination, is central to multi-elevator installations and must be closely observed. Building codes were deemed necessary to protect the public against shoddy builders and outmoded construction techniques. Flexible cords and cables in lengths not to exceed 6 ft. of a flame-retardant type and located to be protected from physical damage are permitted in machine rooms without being installed in a raceway. PDF C.1 General Requirements for All Elevator Installations The basic requirement is for minimum clear distances of various depths for equipment operating at 600 V or less, nominal, depending upon voltage to ground and lateral distance to insulated or grounded surfaces or exposed live parts (not an issue in elevator machine rooms). An example would be the elevator, as well as all wiring in a utility-owned administration building. Cross-sectional areas of wireways are found by multiplying the two interior dimensions.) This, however, can result in a dramatic increase in cost, space availability (lack thereof), and reduced efficiency. In all cases, the working space must permit at least a 90 opening of equipment doors or hinged panels. Elevator Pit Sump Pump Electrical Requirements By Nat July 30, 2022 Bulls Eye (Simplex) Receptacles: Bulls eye (simplex) receptacle for Sump pumps (now not - GFI) on a delegated circuit will be required in all elevator pits for the elevator pit sump pump. PDF Compliance with the 2017 NEC for Elevator Controllers The branch circuit is to be protected by an overcurrent device located in the machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. Elevator travel is far safer than an automobile trip, and the chance of experiencing disaster is on the order of being struck by lightning in ones own backyard. Elevator Pit Drain or Sump Pump | UpCodes The demand factors are given in Table 620.14, which allows significant reductions as the number of motors is increased. NEC 70620.85 Smoke detectors to recall elevators on Phase I recall are required to be located on each landing, The conduit alone can't act as the grounding means. Suspending the cables from the supports by a means that automatically tightens around the cable when tension is increased for unsupported lengths up to 200 ft. An NEC Informational Note defines unsupported lengths. Similarly, underground wiring in mines is not NEC regulated, although other, non-mine wiring below ground (such as lighting in an underground traffic tunnel) is covered. 974 0 obj
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L*vMP.uKW,)68]Y}+ FYS1B=Q0S>Hc Your elevator supplier will take care of all the wiring and related code requirements for the elevator cab and the various controls. Another location that requires a separate branch circuit for lighting and receptacle(s) is the hoistway pit. (B) Lighting Switch. He had been with Eaton (Cutler-Hammer and Bussmann) since 1993 and specializes in training on the design and application of overcurrent protective devices and equipment in electrical distribution systems in accordance with the National Electrical Code and equipment in accordance with the various product standards. NEC Article 620: Elevators, Part I - Elevator World, Inc. Other requirements: Spa's and Hot Tubs 1996 NEC 15-20 Amp 120 volt Receptacle Requirements for Dwelling units: All outdoor Regardless of the number of elevators, only one smoke detector is required at each floor lobby, but it must be located within 21 ft of every elevator door. ^W i word/document.xml=nr]6Id=,_$j9-"Y.iGU\h_}.
3. Smoke detectors, which are required in all elevator lobbies and elevator equipment rooms, must be connected to the elevator controllers directly by means of auxiliary contacts and wiring, or indirectly by means of output signals from the fire alarm control panel. Additionally, ampacities of the individual conductors and flame-retardant properties of the overall cable are important factors. Fuses: Verify that the correct size, type and capacity are installed. or larger, not exceeding 6 ft. in length, are permitted between control panels and machine motors, machine brakes, motor-generator sets, disconnecting means and pumping motors and valves. These are part of Article 725, Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits. Installing electrical equipment where its SCCR is less than the available short-circuit current creates serious safety hazards. Hoistway door interlock wiring from the riser must be flame retardant and have insulation suitable for a temperature not less than 200C (392F), much higher than that required for most raceway or cable applications. When you consider that an elevator is an enclosed room with one or more doors that people voluntarily enter so they may travel hundreds of feet up or down, several observations are in order. With heavy use on a hot day, the oil can overheat, causing elevator shutdown. Metallic articles: Remove metallic articles such as watches, chains, bracelets, earrings, belt buckles and keychains before troubleshooting. Working spaces for electrical equipment that may have to be examined, adjusted, serviced or maintained is required in all occupancies in an earlier NEC section, 110.26(A). First, the traveling cable must be composed of very fine-stranded conductors so it can flex with a minimum of internal stresses, ensuring long service life and reliability. This is typically accomplished via a shunt trip device. NFPA 72 requires the control circuit between the Fire Alarm System and the shunt trip be monitored for integrity. Many of these are for portable lighting.). Requirements for commercial garages per the National Electrical Code. 2.2.6.1 This switch shall be so located as to be acces-sible from the pit access door. Where multiple driving machines are connected to a single elevator, there is to be one disconnecting means to disconnect the motor(s) and control-valve-operating magnets. Elevator PITS | Mike Holt's Forum Proper selective coordination in a multi-elevator installation on the same feeder ensures if one elevator develops a fault, the other units will not be shut down. As mentioned, traditional installations of a traction or hydraulic elevator include a separate machine room. The traveling cable, moreover, may be run without raceway from inside the hoistway to elevator-controller enclosures and to the elevator car and machine room and similar locations outside the hoistway for a distance not exceeding 6 ft. For instance, one method to reduce the available fault current is to add an isolation transformer ahead of the elevator controller. High-rise buildings pose additional concerns. While the definitions are straightforward, their deployment in real-life building projects involves enormous legal and moral implications, given the fact that we are carrying large numbers of people hundreds of feet above the earths surface on a daily basis. Similarly, the integrity of the traveling cable is emphasized. The architect has a choice of either traction or hydraulic elevators. Design practices that are acceptable in some jurisdictions may not be in others. Moreover, it is necessary to consider future worker safety for an indefinite period. You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. Where necessary, it is mandated that suitable guards be provided to protect the cables against damage. (g) Stop Switch in Pits.